CNC Machining ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi mafakitale. Koma kodi CNC ndi chiyani? Ndipo makina a CNC ndi chiyani?

CNC 101: Mawu akuti CNC akuyimira 'kuwongolera manambala apakompyuta', ndipo tanthauzo la makina a CNC ndikuti ndi njira yochepetsera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito maulamuliro apakompyuta ndi zida zamakina kuti achotse zigawo zazinthu pamtengo-wotchedwa wopanda kanthu kapena workpiece-ndipo imapanga gawo lopangidwa mwamakonda. Njira imeneyi ndi oyenera osiyanasiyana zipangizo, kuphatikizapo zitsulo, mapulasitiki, matabwa, galasi, thovu, ndi nsanganizo, ndipo amapeza ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale, monga lalikulu CNC Machining, Machining mbali ndi prototypes kwa telecommunications, ndi CNC. kukonza mbali zakuthambo, zomwe zimafuna kulolerana kolimba kuposa mafakitale ena. Dziwani kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa CNC Machining tanthauzo ndi CNC makina tanthauzo-imodzi ndi ndondomeko ndi wina ndi makina. A CNC makina (nthawi zina molakwika amatchedwa C ndi C makina) ndi makina programmable kuti amatha autonomously kuchita ntchito za CNC Machining.

CNC Machining ngati njira yopangira ndi ntchito ikupezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Mutha kupeza ntchito zama makina a CNC ku Europe, komanso ku Asia, North America, ndi kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi.

Njira zopangira zotulutsa, monga makina a CNC, nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa mosiyana ndi njira zopangira zowonjezera, monga kusindikiza kwa 3D, kapena njira zopangira zopanga, monga kuumba jekeseni wamadzimadzi. Ngakhale ma subtractive process amachotsa zigawo za zinthu kuchokera pa chogwirira ntchito kuti apange mawonekedwe ndi mapangidwe ake, njira zowonjezera zimasonkhanitsa zigawo zazinthu kuti zipange mawonekedwe omwe akufunidwa ndi njira zopangira zimafooketsa ndikuyika zinthu zomwe zimafunikira. Chikhalidwe chokhazikika cha makina a CNC chimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulondola kwambiri komanso kulondola kwambiri, magawo osavuta komanso okwera mtengo pokwaniritsa ntchito imodzi yokha komanso yapakatikati. Komabe, ngakhale makina a CNC akuwonetsa zabwino zina kuposa njira zina zopangira, kuchuluka kwa zovuta ndi zovuta zomwe zingapezeke pamapangidwe a gawo limodzi komanso kutsika mtengo kwa kupanga zida zovuta ndizochepa.

Ngakhale mtundu uliwonse wa kupanga ndondomeko ali ubwino wake ndi kuipa, nkhaniyi limafotokoza CNC Machining ndondomeko, kufotokoza zoyambira ndondomeko, ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi tooling wa CNC makina. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhaniyi ikuwunika magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana a makina a CNC ndikupereka njira zina zosinthira makina a CNC.

Pang'ono pang'ono, bukhuli likukhudza:

Kodi muli pakati pa ntchito pompano kapena abwana akufuna kulemba ganyu? Takudziwitsani zosonkhanitsira zakuzama zazinthu za anthu ofuna ntchito m'mafakitale ndi olemba anzawo ntchito omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa maudindo. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wotsegulira, mutha kulembanso fomu yathu kuti mukhale ndi mwayi woti iwonetsedwe mu nyuzipepala ya Thomas Monthly Update.

Kuchokera ku makina owongolera manambala (NC) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makhadi okhomerera, makina a CNC ndi njira yopanga yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera zamakompyuta kuti zigwiritse ntchito ndikuwongolera makina ndi zida zodulira kuti zipange zinthu monga zitsulo, pulasitiki, matabwa, thovu, zophatikizika. , ndi zina zotero-zigawo ndi mapangidwe awo. Ngakhale makina opanga ma CNC amapereka kuthekera kosiyanasiyana ndi magwiridwe antchito, mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ntchitoyi zimakhalabe chimodzimodzi pa onsewo. Njira yopangira makina a CNC imaphatikizapo magawo awa:

Njira yopangira makina a CNC imayamba ndikupanga vekitala ya 2D kapena 3D yolimba gawo la CAD kapangidwe kanyumba kapena ndi kampani yopanga ma CAD/CAM. Mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi makompyuta (CAD) amalola opanga ndi opanga kupanga mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe a magawo ndi zinthu zawo limodzi ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo, monga miyeso ndi ma geometries, popanga gawo kapena chinthucho.

Mapangidwe a magawo opangidwa ndi CNC amaletsedwa ndi kuthekera (kapena kulephera) kwa makina a CNC ndi zida. Mwachitsanzo, zida zambiri zamakina a CNC ndi zacylindrical chifukwa chake ma geometries omwe angatheke kudzera pa makina a CNC amakhala ochepa chifukwa zida zimapanga zigawo zokhotakhota. Kuonjezera apo, katundu wa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira, mapangidwe a zida, ndi mphamvu zogwirira ntchito zamakina zimalepheretsanso mapangidwe, monga makulidwe a gawo lochepa, kukula kwa gawo, ndi kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zamkati ndi mawonekedwe.

Mapangidwe a CAD akamalizidwa, wopanga amatumiza ku fayilo yogwirizana ndi CNC, monga STEP kapena IGES.