I-CNC machining ligama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziswa kwimveliso kunye nezicelo zoshishino. Kodwa kanye kanye yintoni i-CNC? Kwaye yintoni umatshini we-CNC?

I-CNC 101: Igama elithi CNC limele 'ulawulo lwamanani ekhompyutheni', kunye nenkcazo yomatshini we-CNC kukuba yinkqubo yokuvelisa i-subtractive eyenza ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzise ulawulo lwekhompyutha kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini ukususa iileya zempahla kwi-stock piece-eyaziwa ngokuba yinto engenanto okanye workpiece-kwaye ivelisa inxalenye eyenziwe ngokwesiko. Le nkqubo ifanelekile kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinto, ezibandakanya isinyithi, iiplastiki, iinkuni, iglasi, amagwebu, kunye ne-composites, kwaye ifumana isicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, afana nomatshini omkhulu we-CNC, umatshini wamacandelo kunye neeprototypes zonxibelelwano, kunye ne-CNC. ukwenza iindawo ze-aerospace, ezifuna ukunyamezela okungqongqo kunamanye amashishini. Qaphela kukho umahluko phakathi kwenkcazo yomatshini we-CNC kunye nenkcazo yomatshini we-CNC-enye yinkqubo kwaye enye ingumatshini. Umatshini we-CNC (ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokungachanekanga njengomatshini we-C kunye no-C) ngumatshini onokucwangciswa okwaziyo ukwenza ngokuzimeleyo imisebenzi ye-CNC machining.

CNC machining njengenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nenkonzo iyafumaneka kwihlabathi jikelele. Unokufumana ngokulula iinkonzo zoomatshini be-CNC eYurophu, kunye naseAsia, kuMntla Merika, nakwezinye iindawo kwihlabathi liphela.

Iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwe-subtractive, ezinje ngomatshini we-CNC, zihlala ziboniswa ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezongezelelweyo, ezinje ngoshicilelo lwe-3D, okanye iinkqubo zokwenziwa kolwakhiwo, ezifana nokubumba inaliti yolwelo. Ngelixa iinkqubo zokunciphisa zisusa iileya zemathiriyeli kwi-workpiece ukuvelisa iimilo zesiko kunye noyilo, iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zidibanisa iileya zemathiriyeli ukuvelisa ifom efunwayo kunye neenkqubo zokwakheka zigqwese kwaye zisuse imathiriyeli yesitokhwe kwimilo efunekayo. Ubume be-automated ye-CNC machining yenza ukuveliswa kokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, iinxalenye ezilula kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo xa uzalisekisa ukuveliswa kwemveliso enye kunye nephakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa umatshini we-CNC ubonisa izibonelelo ezithile ngaphezu kwezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa, iqondo lokuntsonkotha kunye nokuntsonkotha okufikelelekayo kuyilo lwenxalenye kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko zokuvelisa iindawo ezintsonkothileyo kulinganiselwe.

Ngelixa uhlobo ngalunye lwenkqubo yokuvelisa ineengenelo kunye nokungonakali, eli nqaku ligxile kwinkqubo yomatshini ye-CNC, ichaza iziseko zenkqubo, kunye namacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Ukongeza, eli nqaku liphonononga imisebenzi yomatshini eyahlukeneyo yeCNC kwaye libonisa ezinye iindlela zenkqubo yomatshini yeCNC.

Ngokujonga nje, esi sikhokelo siya kubandakanya:

Ngaba uphakathi kwemisebenzi ngoku okanye umqeshi ojonge ukuqesha? Sikuphathele ingqokelela yethu enzulu yemithombo yabantu abafuna umsebenzi kwimizi-mveliso kunye nabaqeshi abafuna ukugcwalisa iindima. Ukuba unesikhundla esivulekileyo, ungazalisa ifom yethu ukuze ufumane ithuba lokuba iboniswe kwincwadana yeendaba yoHlaziyo lweNyanga kaThomas.

Ukusukela kulawulo lwamanani (NC) inkqubo yomatshini esebenzisa amakhadi eteyiphu aphuhliweyo, umatshini we-CNC yinkqubo yokuvelisa esebenzisa ulawulo lwekhompyuter ukuze isebenze kwaye ilawule umatshini kunye nezixhobo zokusika ukubumba imathiriyeli yesitokhwe-umz. , njl-njl. Ngelixa inkqubo yomatshini ye-CNC ibonelela ngezakhono ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusebenza, imigaqo esisiseko yenkqubo ihlala ifana kuzo zonke. Inkqubo yomatshini esisiseko ye-CNC ibandakanya ezi zigaba zilandelayo:

Inkqubo ye-CNC yomatshini iqala ngokudala i-vector ye-2D okanye i-3D inxalenye eqinileyo yoyilo lwe-CAD nokuba ngaphakathi okanye yinkampani yenkonzo yoyilo ye-CAD / CAM. Isoftware yoyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter (CAD) ivumela abayili kunye nabavelisi ukuba bavelise imodeli okanye unikezelo lwamalungu abo kunye neemveliso kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa eziyimfuneko, ezinje ngemilinganiselo kunye neejometri, ukuvelisa inxalenye okanye imveliso.

Uyilo lwamalungu omatshini we-CNC luthintelwe ngamandla (okanye ukungakwazi) komatshini we-CNC kunye nezixhobo. Umzekelo, uninzi lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zisicylindrical ke ngoko inxalenye yejometri enokwenzeka ngenkqubo yomatshini ye-CNC ilinganiselwe njengoko isixhobo sisenza amacandelo ekona egobileyo. Ukongeza, iipropathi zemathiriyeli eyenziwa ngoomatshini, uyilo lwezixhobo, kunye nezakhono zokubamba zomatshini ziphinde zithintele ukuyila okunokwenzeka, njengobuncinci benxalenye yobunzima, ubukhulu benxalenye enkulu, kunye nokubandakanywa kunye nobunzima bemingxuma yangaphakathi kunye neempawu.

Emva kokuba uyilo lwe-CAD lugqityiwe, umyili uyayithumela kwifomathi yefayile ehambelana ne-CNC, njenge-STEP okanye i-IGES.