I-CNC machining yigama elivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni nasezimbonini zokusebenza. Kodwa yini ngempela i-CNC? Futhi uyini umshini we-CNC?

I-CNC 101: Itemu elithi CNC limele 'ukulawulwa kwezinombolo zekhompyutha', futhi incazelo yemishini ye-CNC ukuthi iwuhlelo lokukhiqiza olukhiphayo oluvamise ukusebenzisa izilawuli zekhompuyutha kanye namathuluzi omshini ukuze kukhishwe izingqimba zempahla ocezwini lwesitoko-olwaziwa ngokuthi olungenalutho noma i-workpiece-futhi ikhiqiza ingxenye eklanywe ngokwezifiso. Le nqubo ifanelekela uhla olubanzi lwezinto zokwakha, okuhlanganisa izinsimbi, amapulasitiki, izinkuni, ingilazi, igwebu, nezinhlanganisela, futhi ithola ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ezifana nemishini emikhulu ye-CNC, ukukhanda izingxenye kanye nezibonelo zezokuxhumana ngocingo, kanye ne-CNC. ukwenza izingxenye ze-aerospace, ezidinga ukubekezelelana okuqinile kunezinye izimboni. Qaphela ukuthi kunomehluko phakathi kwencazelo yemishini ye-CNC kanye nencazelo yomshini we-CNC—enye iyinqubo kanti enye ingumshini. Umshini we-CNC (ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokungalungile njengomshini we-C no-C) uwumshini ohlelekayo okwazi ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi yemishini ye-CNC.

CNC machining njengendlela yokukhiqiza kanye nenkonzo iyatholakala emhlabeni wonke. Ungathola kalula izinsiza zemishini ye-CNC eYurophu, nase-Asia, eNyakatho Melika, nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni jikelele.

Izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezikhiphayo, ezifana nomshini we-CNC, zivame ukwethulwa ngokungafani nezinqubo zokukhiqiza okungeziwe, njengokuphrinta kwe-3D, noma izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezifomethayo, njengokubunjwa komjovo owuketshezi. Ngenkathi izinqubo ezikhiphayo zisusa izingqimba zento esebenzayo kucezu lokusebenza ukuze kukhiqizwe izimo nemiklamo yangokwezifiso, izinqubo zokwengeza zihlanganisa izendlalelo zezinto ukuze kukhiqizwe uhlobo olufiswayo kanye nezinqubo zokufometha ziwohloke futhi zisuse impahla yesitoko ibe yisimo oyifunayo. Imvelo ezenzakalelayo yemishini ye-CNC inika amandla ukukhiqizwa kokunemba okuphezulu nokunemba okuphezulu, izingxenye ezilula nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko lapho kufezwa ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu eyodwa kanye nephakathi nendawo. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ukwenziwa kwemishini ye-CNC kukhombisa izinzuzo ezithile kunezinye izinqubo zokukhiqiza, izinga lobunkimbinkimbi nobunkimbinkimbi obufinyelelekayo bomklamo wengxenye kanye nempumelelo yezindleko zokukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kunomkhawulo.

Nakuba uhlobo ngalunye lwenqubo yokukhiqiza lunezinzuzo nezinkinga zalo, lesi sihloko sigxile enqubweni yokwenza imishini ye-CNC, echaza izisekelo zenqubo, kanye nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene kanye namathuluzi omshini we-CNC. Ukwengeza, le ndatshana ihlola imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yemishini ye-CNC futhi yethula ezinye izindlela zenqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC.

Ngokubuka nje, lo mhlahlandlela uzohlanganisa:

Ingabe uphakathi kwemisebenzi njengamanje noma umqashi ofuna ukuqasha? Sikuphathele okuningi ngamaqoqo ethu ajulile ezinsiza zabafuna umsebenzi ezimbonini nabaqashi abafuna ukugcwalisa izindima. Uma unesikhundla esivulekile, ungaphinda ugcwalise ifomu lethu ukuze uthole ithuba lokuliveza ephepheni lezindaba le-Thomas Monthly Update.

Isuka kunqubo yemishini yokulawula izinombolo (NC) esebenzisa amakhadi etheyiphu agxishiwe, ukwenza imishini ye-CNC kuyinqubo yokukhiqiza esebenzisa izilawuli zekhompiyutha ukuze zisebenzise futhi zisebenzise umshini namathuluzi okusika ukuze kulungiswe izinto zesitoko—isb, insimbi, ipulasitiki, izinkuni, igwebu, inhlanganisela. , njll—ezingxenyeni naseziklanyweni ngokwezifiso. Ngenkathi inqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC inikezela ngamakhono nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene, imigomo eyisisekelo yenqubo ihlala ifana kakhulu kuzo zonke. Inqubo eyisisekelo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC ihlanganisa izigaba ezilandelayo:

Inqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC iqala ngokwakhiwa kwevekhtha ye-2D noma idizayini ye-3D eqinile yengxenye ye-CAD kungaba yasendlini noma ngenkampani yesevisi yokuklama ye-CAD/CAM. Isofthiwe ye-Computer-aid design (CAD) ivumela abaklami nabakhiqizi ukuthi bakhiqize imodeli noma ukunikezwa kwezingxenye zabo nemikhiqizo kanye nemininingwane edingekayo yobuchwepheshe, njengobukhulu namajiyometri, ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxenye noma umkhiqizo.

Imiklamo yezingxenye zomshini we-CNC ivinjelwe amandla (noma ukungakwazi) komshini we-CNC kanye namathuluzi. Isibonelo, amathuluzi amaningi womshini we-CNC ayisilinda ngakho-ke ingxenye yejometri engenzeka ngenqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC ikhawulelwe njengoba ukufakwa kwamathuluzi kudala izingxenye zamakhona agobile. Ukwengeza, izakhiwo zezinto ezisetshenziswa ngomshini, idizayini yamathuluzi, namandla okusebenza omshini aphinde akhawulele amathuba edizayini, njengobukhulu bezingxenye ezincane, ubukhulu bengxenye yosayizi, nokufakwa nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kwemigodi nezici zangaphakathi.

Uma umklamo we-CAD usuqediwe, umklami uwuthumela kufomethi yefayela ehambisana ne-CNC, njenge-STEP noma i-IGES.